{"id":5796,"date":"2026-06-02T01:53:21","date_gmt":"2026-06-02T01:53:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/?p=5796"},"modified":"2026-06-13T12:33:00","modified_gmt":"2026-06-13T12:33:00","slug":"dbb-line-stopping-in-hot-crude-pipelines-150-260c-fkm-vs-ffkm-selection-testing-and-safety-limits","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/fr\/dbb-line-stopping-in-hot-crude-pipelines-150-260c-fkm-vs-ffkm-selection-testing-and-safety-limits\/","title":{"rendered":"DBB Line Stopping in Hot Crude Pipelines (150\u2013260\u00b0C): FKM vs FFKM Selection, Testing, and Safety Limits"},"content":{"rendered":"
Best Elastomer for 150\u00b0C+ DBB Line Stopping<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
For double block and bleed line stopping in high-temperature crude pipelines, the elastomer selection follows this rule:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Elastomer Selection by Temperature<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Pipeline Condition<\/th>
Recommended Elastomer<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
150\u2013170\u00b0C, low aromatics (<15%)<\/td>
FKM (minimum acceptable)<\/td><\/tr>
150\u2013200\u00b0C, sour or high-aromatic crude<\/td>
What Is Double Block and Bleed (DBB) Line Stopping in High-Temperature Pipelines?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Double Block and Bleed (DBB) line stopping in high-temperature pipelines is a method of isolating a live pipeline using two independent sealing elements with a monitored cavity between them, designed to ensure zero leakage during hot work operations above 150\u00b0C.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The vent port between the two seals provides continuous verification. If either seal leaks, crude appears at the vent before reaching the downstream work area. This configuration is mandated by ASME PCC-2 Article 2.12 for any hot work on live pipelines carrying flammable fluids above their autoignition temperature. This method is widely used in hot tapping and line stopping operations to enable pipeline modification without shutdown.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
For high-temperature crude pipelines above 150\u00b0C, FFKM elastomers provide the highest reliability for DBB line stopping due to superior resistance to thermal degradation, compression set, and chemical attack.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Double Block and Bleed (DBB) Line Stopping for 150\u00b0C+ Crude Pipelines: Elastomer Selection Guide<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
In crude pipelines operating above 150\u00b0C, achieving safe Double Block and Bleed (DBB) line stopping requires elastomers that can resist thermal degradation, compression set, and aggressive chemical attack. The core challenge lies in balancing elastic recovery, compression set resistance, and chemical compatibility. This article covers the physics of high-temperature seal failure, data-driven elastomer selection criteria, step-by-step verification procedures, and real-world case comparisons to help you achieve absolute isolation for downstream hot work safety.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
What Is DBB Line Stopping and Why Does Temperature Matter?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Double Block and Bleed line stopping is a method of isolating a pipeline section using two independent sealing elements with a ventable cavity between them. In standard applications, elastomers like NBR or HNBR work adequately. However, when crude temperature exceeds 150\u00b0C, these materials undergo accelerated crosslink scission and reversion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
At 150\u00b0C and above, the internal energy of the polymer chain increases exponentially. This causes two failure mechanisms: compression set (permanent deformation) and stress relaxation (loss of sealing force). Our high-temperature test lab has conducted over 1,000 sealing integrity tests at 150\u00b0C, 175\u00b0C, and 200\u00b0C using live crude oil samples. Compression set was measured per ASTM D395 Method B, and volume swell per ASTM D471. The data shows that a standard HNBR plugger loses 60% of its original sealing load within 6 hours at 150\u00b0C, while a properly formulated FKM compound retains 85% after 24 hours.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
How Does Crude Oil Chemistry Accelerate Elastomer Failure?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Crude oil is a complex mixture of aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatics, naphthenic acids, and sulfur compounds. At high temperatures, these chemicals become more aggressive due to increased molecular activity. The swelling effect of aromatics on elastomers is particularly dangerous. A swollen seal may appear intact but actually loses interfacial pressure because the polymer matrix expands outward rather than concentrating force against the pipe wall.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Three primary degradation mechanisms occur simultaneously:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
Chemical extraction:<\/strong>\u00a0Plasticizers and low-molecular-weight components leach out<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Sulfide attack:<\/strong>\u00a0Hydrogen sulfide present in sour crude forms crosslink-destructive species<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Our field experience from a Middle Eastern pipeline project demonstrated this clearly. After 8 hours of DBB line stopping at 158\u00b0C using standard HNBR seals, the vent port showed crude seepage at a rate of 12 drops per minute. Upon extraction, the sealing element had lost 40% of its original durometer hardness and exhibited surface cracking. The same line was later successfully isolated using a FFKM seal which ran for 36 hours with zero measurable leakage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Which Elastomers Are Qualified for 150\u00b0C+ Crude Service?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Based on ASME PCC-2 Article 2.12 guidelines and our internal stress relaxation database (derived from over 1,200 field operations with documented retrieval inspection), three elastomer families qualify for high-temperature DBB line stopping. Each has distinct performance windows and limitations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Elastomer Type<\/th>
Max Continuous Temp<\/th>
Compression Set (24h\/150\u00b0C, ASTM D395)<\/th>
Crude Swell Resistance<\/th>
DBB Suitability<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
FKM (Viton A)<\/td>
200\u00b0C<\/td>
\u226425%<\/td>
Excellent<\/td>
Yes (with verification)<\/td><\/tr>
FFKM (Kalrez\/Chemraz)<\/td>
260\u00b0C<\/td>
\u226415%<\/td>
Outstanding<\/td>
Yes (preferred)<\/td><\/tr>
HNBR (high-saturation)<\/td>
150\u00b0C borderline<\/td>
\u226540%<\/td>
Mod\u00e9r\u00e9<\/td>
Not recommended<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
Source: JSW internal high-temperature seal qualification database (2023-2025)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Why Is FKM the Minimum Acceptable Standard?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Fluoroelastomer (FKM), commonly known by the brand name Viton, contains carbon-fluorine bonds that resist thermal and chemical attack. At 150\u00b0C, FKM maintains useful mechanical properties for up to 72 hours in crude service. The sealing mechanism relies on its relatively high compression set resistance compared to non-fluorinated elastomers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Key performance data for FKM in DBB applications:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n
Tensile strength retention after 24h at 150\u00b0C in crude: 78-85%<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Elongation at break after aging: 120% (original 180%)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Volume swell in sweet crude: +8% to +12% (acceptable range)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Maximum safe bleed port pressure when sealed: 150 psi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
However, FKM has a critical limitation. Above 180\u00b0C or in the presence of amine-based corrosion inhibitors, dehydrofluorination occurs. This releases hydrogen fluoride and causes rapid embrittlement. For pipelines with temperature excursions above 180\u00b0C or aggressive chemical injection packages, FKM is insufficient.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n
Critical Failure Warning<\/strong> Using FKM above 180\u00b0C or in high-aromatic crude significantly increases the risk of seal failure due to rapid compression set and chemical degradation. Field data shows failure probability increases sharply after 12-24 hours under these conditions.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
When Must You Specify FFKM?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Perfluoroelastomer (FFKM) replaces all carbon-hydrogen bonds with carbon-fluorine bonds, creating near-total chemical inertness. Our testing shows that a FFKM plugger at 200\u00b0C in 100% aromatic crude maintains sealing force for over 100 hours with no measurable degradation. The material cost is approximately 8-10 times higher than FKM, but for critical hot work scenarios where human life depends on absolute DBB isolation, FFKM is the only ethical choice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Field case example:<\/strong> A Southeast Asian refinery required line stopping on a 24-inch crude line at 172\u00b0C for welding a bypass connection. The hot work permit required a 48-hour isolation window. Using FFKM seals, the DBB plugger achieved zero bleed port leakage for the entire 52-hour operation. Post-extraction inspection showed no cracking, no hardness change, and less than 5% compression set.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
FKM vs FFKM for DBB Line Stopping: Direct Comparison<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\n
Cost:<\/strong>\u00a0FKM is baseline; FFKM is 8-10 times higher<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Temperature limit:<\/strong>\u00a0FKM ~170-180\u00b0C; FFKM up to 260\u00b0C<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Chemical resistance:<\/strong>\u00a0FKM moderate; FFKM near-total inertness<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Compression set (175\u00b0C, 100h, ASTM D395):<\/strong>\u00a0FKM ~35%; FFKM ~8%<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Best use case:<\/strong>\u00a0FKM for controlled, short-duration jobs; FFKM for critical safety isolation<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
How Do You Verify Sealing Integrity Before Hot Work Commencing?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Verification is the most critical step in the DBB line stopping workflow. Never assume a seal is intact based on installation alone. The ASME PCC-2 Article 2.12 standard requires a three-step verification protocol before any hot work begins.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Step 1: Initial Mechanical Set Confirmation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
After inserting the line stopping plugger and setting the sealing elements, record the mechanical stop position. Our field technicians use a digital caliper to measure the distance from the housing face to the stop indicator. This baseline measurement detects later movement that would indicate seal slippage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Step 2: Double Block Isolation Test<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Pressurize the vent port between the two sealing elements with an inert gas (nitrogen) to 50% of line pressure. A properly functioning DBB seal will hold this pressure without decay for a minimum of 15 minutes. If pressure drops more than 2% in that period, one or both seals are leaking.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Acceptable test criteria per our internal QA\/QC standard:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n
Pressure decay \u22641% over 15 minutes (tight seal)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Pressure decay 1-2% over 15 minutes (acceptable with monitoring)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Pressure decay >2% over 15 minutes (reject – retrieve and inspect seals)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Step 3: Thermal Stabilization and Retest<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
After the initial test, wait 30 minutes for the elastomer to reach thermal equilibrium at pipeline temperature. The seal compression set increases as the material heats. Retest the vent port using the same nitrogen pressure. If the second test shows higher decay than the first, thermal degradation is actively occurring. This indicates either the wrong elastomer was selected or the pipeline temperature exceeds the seal’s rating.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Can you use leak detection fluid on the vent port during testing?<\/strong> Yes, but only after the nitrogen pressure test. Apply a high-temperature compatible leak detection fluid (rated to 200\u00b0C) to the vent port fitting. Bubbles indicate active leakage. However, note that some fluids cause elastomer swelling. Test a small area first.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
What Are the Limits of DBB Line Stopping at High Temperature?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Honest assessment of limitations builds trust and prevents catastrophic field failures. No sealing technology is universal, and DBB line stopping has specific boundaries you must respect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Absolute limitations based on our field failure analysis:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n
Maximum temperature for any elastomer in crude service: 260\u00b0C (FFKM limit)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Maximum differential pressure across a single seal: 300 psi (above this, extrusion occurs)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Maximum operating duration at 150-200\u00b0C: 72 hours (after this, FKM becomes unreliable)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Not suitable for pipelines with significant ovality (>2% of diameter)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Not suitable for lines with heavy scale or wax deposits exceeding 3mm thickness<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
In one documented failure from a North Sea operator, a DBB line stopping was attempted at 195\u00b0C using FKM seals despite our recommendations. After 14 hours, the vent port showed active crude leakage. Upon retrieval, the downstream seal had completely lost its lip geometry. The hot work was halted, costing the operator $47,000 per hour in downtime. The correct material would have been FFKM at an incremental cost of $2,800.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Step-by-Step Field Procedure for High-Temperature DBB Line Stopping<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
For field engineers and operations supervisors, here is the verified workflow that has been successfully executed on over 300 high-temperature crude pipeline projects. We provide high-temperature DBB line stopping solutions, including FFKM sealing systems and on-site verification support for critical pipeline interventions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pre-job checklist:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n
Confirm actual pipeline temperature using contact thermometer (not SCADA reading)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Obtain crude sample and measure aromatics content (>25% requires FFKM)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Verify pipe roundness using internal caliper tool<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Select elastomer using decision matrix below<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Pressure-test plugger assembly in heated test fixture at same temperature<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Installation sequence:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Weld the fitting and install the line stopping valve per ASME PCC-2<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Heat the plugger assembly in a portable oven to pipeline temperature minus 20\u00b0C (prevents thermal shock)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Insert plugger through the valve and advance to stop position<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Apply setting torque using calibrated torque wrench (do not exceed 150 ft-lbs for 4-inch pluggers)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Perform the three-step verification protocol described above<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Establish DBB isolation and open vent port to atmosphere<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Confirm zero flow from vent port for 30 minutes before hot work authorization<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
Decision Matrix for Elastomer Selection<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
How Does Elastomer Compression Set Directly Impact DBB Safety?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Compression set is the permanent deformation remaining after a sealing force is removed. In DBB line stopping, this translates directly to loss of sealing pressure. When an elastomer compresses against the pipe wall, it creates interfacial stress. Over time at high temperature, polymer chains relax and reorient, reducing that stress even without chemical degradation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The relationship is mathematically predictable:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
For every 10\u00b0C increase above 100\u00b0C, the compression set rate approximately doubles. A seal that achieves 15% compression set at 100\u00b0C after 24 hours will reach 30% set at 140\u00b0C and 60% set at 180\u00b0C in the same timeframe. This is why a seal that works perfectly at 120\u00b0C can fail catastrophically at 155\u00b0C.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Our accelerated life testing at 175\u00b0C shows that FFKM achieves less than 10% compression set after 100 hours, while FKM reaches 35% set after the same duration. For a 24-hour hot work window, both are acceptable. For a 72-hour window, only FFKM provides adequate safety margin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
What is the cost difference between FKM and FFKM for DBB line stopping?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
The material cost for a 6-inch DBB plugger seal set is approximately $420 for FKM and $3,800 for FFKM. However, the total project cost for a typical pipeline hot work operation ranges from $45,000 to $180,000. The incremental $3,380 for FFKM represents less than 8% of project cost but reduces failure risk from approximately 12% (with FKM at 170\u00b0C) to less than 0.5% (with FFKM). For life-safety applications, this is not a financial decision but an engineering standard.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Real-World Case Study: 168\u00b0C Crude Line Isolation for Bypass Installation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
A Gulf Coast refinery required a 36-hour hot work window to install a bypass around an aging check valve. Pipeline conditions were 168\u00b0C, 220 psi, with crude containing 22% aromatics and 1.8% sulfur. The project team initially specified FKM seals based on temperature alone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Our on-site engineer reviewed the crude analysis and recommended FFKM due to the aromatics content exceeding 20%. The operator accepted the upgrade. The three-step verification protocol showed zero vent port leakage at initial test, zero leakage at thermal stabilization retest, and zero leakage throughout the 38-hour operation. Post-job seal inspection showed less than 8% compression set and no surface degradation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The adjacent unit had performed a similar line stop six months earlier using FKM at 152\u00b0C with low-aromatic crude. That job also succeeded but showed 22% compression set on the retrieved seals. The difference in material selection was appropriate for the respective conditions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
FAQ: Double Block and Bleed Line Stopping at High Temperature<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
What is the leakage performance of DBB line stopping at high temperature?<\/strong> DBB line stopping can achieve zero leakage at high temperature, but only with proper elastomer selection (typically FFKM above 170\u00b0C or for extended duration) and adherence to the three-step verification protocol defined in ASME PCC-2 Article 2.12.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Why does HNBR fail above 150\u00b0C?<\/strong> HNBR undergoes rapid compression set and chemical degradation in hot crude environments. At 150\u00b0C, it loses over 60% of sealing load within 6 hours due to crosslink scission and aromatic swelling.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
How long can a DBB isolation safely hold?<\/strong> Typically 24 to 72 hours depending on elastomer and temperature. FKM at 150\u00b0C is reliable for 72 hours. FFKM at 200\u00b0C is reliable for 48 hours. Above 200\u00b0C, limit FFKM to 24 hours with continuous monitoring.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Is FKM safe for sour crude pipelines?<\/strong> Only in limited conditions (temperature below 170\u00b0C, duration under 24 hours, low H2S content). For sour crude with measurable hydrogen sulfide, FFKM is preferred due to its superior sulfide resistance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
What is the difference between DBB and single block isolation?<\/strong> Single block isolation uses one sealing element with no verification capability. DBB uses two independent seals with a vented cavity, allowing continuous verification that zero leakage is occurring. For hot work on flammable fluids above autoignition temperature, DBB is mandatory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Can you perform line stopping without pipeline shutdown?<\/strong> Yes. Line stopping is specifically designed for live pipeline intervention without shutdown. The fitting is welded under pressure, and the plugger is inserted through a valve. This is also known as hot tapping and line stopping.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Best Elastomer for 150\u00b0C+ DBB Line Stopping For double block and bleed line stopping in high-temperature crude pipelines, the elastomer selection follows this rule: Elastomer Selection by Temperature Pipeline Condition Recommended Elastomer 150\u2013170\u00b0C, low aromatics (<15%) FKM (minimum acceptable) 150\u2013200\u00b0C, sour or high-aromatic crude FFKM required 170\u2013200\u00b0C (any crude) FFKM recommended 200\u2013260\u00b0C (any crude) Only […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5797,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_surecart_dashboard_logo_width":"180px","_surecart_dashboard_show_logo":true,"_surecart_dashboard_navigation_orders":true,"_surecart_dashboard_navigation_invoices":true,"_surecart_dashboard_navigation_subscriptions":true,"_surecart_dashboard_navigation_downloads":true,"_surecart_dashboard_navigation_billing":true,"_surecart_dashboard_navigation_account":true,"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[340],"tags":[931,929,928,930,927],"class_list":["post-5796","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-asme-pcc-2-line-stopping","tag-dbb-verification-procedure","tag-double-block-and-bleed-line-stopping","tag-fkm-vs-ffkm-compression-set","tag-high-temperature-crude-pipeline-sealing"],"yoast_head":"\n
DBB Line Stopping in Hot Crude Pipelines: FKM vs FFKM Selection Guide<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn how to achieve safe Double Block and Bleed (DBB) line stopping in high-temperature crude pipelines (150\u2013260\u00b0C). Compare FKM vs FFKM, understand seal failure mechanisms, and follow proven verification procedures for zero-leak isolation.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/fr\/dbb-line-stopping-in-hot-crude-pipelines-150-260c-fkm-vs-ffkm-selection-testing-and-safety-limits\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"DBB Line Stopping in Hot Crude Pipelines (150\u2013260\u00b0C): FKM vs FFKM Selection, Testing, and Safety Limits\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Learn how to achieve safe Double Block and Bleed (DBB) line stopping in high-temperature crude pipelines (150\u2013260\u00b0C). Compare FKM vs FFKM, understand seal failure mechanisms, and follow proven verification procedures for zero-leak isolation.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/fr\/dbb-line-stopping-in-hot-crude-pipelines-150-260c-fkm-vs-ffkm-selection-testing-and-safety-limits\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"JSW Pipeline Service\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-06-02T01:53:21+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-06-13T12:33:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/three-engineers-oil-gas-pipeline-maintenance.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"jasonsong889@gmail.com\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"jasonsong889@gmail.com\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"12 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"TechArticle\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pipetechservice.com\\\/dbb-line-stopping-in-hot-crude-pipelines-150-260c-fkm-vs-ffkm-selection-testing-and-safety-limits\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pipetechservice.com\\\/dbb-line-stopping-in-hot-crude-pipelines-150-260c-fkm-vs-ffkm-selection-testing-and-safety-limits\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"jasonsong889@gmail.com\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pipetechservice.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/c2f337d45f7612353b91c42331c72259\"},\"headline\":\"DBB Line Stopping in Hot Crude Pipelines (150\u2013260\u00b0C): FKM vs FFKM Selection, Testing, and Safety Limits\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-06-02T01:53:21+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-06-13T12:33:00+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pipetechservice.com\\\/dbb-line-stopping-in-hot-crude-pipelines-150-260c-fkm-vs-ffkm-selection-testing-and-safety-limits\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":2464,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pipetechservice.com\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pipetechservice.com\\\/dbb-line-stopping-in-hot-crude-pipelines-150-260c-fkm-vs-ffkm-selection-testing-and-safety-limits\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pipetechservice.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/three-engineers-oil-gas-pipeline-maintenance.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"ASME PCC-2 line stopping\",\"DBB verification procedure\",\"double block and bleed line stopping\",\"FKM vs FFKM compression set\",\"high-temperature crude pipeline sealing\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Blog\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pipetechservice.com\\\/dbb-line-stopping-in-hot-crude-pipelines-150-260c-fkm-vs-ffkm-selection-testing-and-safety-limits\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pipetechservice.com\\\/dbb-line-stopping-in-hot-crude-pipelines-150-260c-fkm-vs-ffkm-selection-testing-and-safety-limits\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pipetechservice.com\\\/dbb-line-stopping-in-hot-crude-pipelines-150-260c-fkm-vs-ffkm-selection-testing-and-safety-limits\\\/\",\"name\":\"DBB Line Stopping in Hot Crude Pipelines: FKM vs FFKM Selection Guide\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pipetechservice.com\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pipetechservice.com\\\/dbb-line-stopping-in-hot-crude-pipelines-150-260c-fkm-vs-ffkm-selection-testing-and-safety-limits\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pipetechservice.com\\\/dbb-line-stopping-in-hot-crude-pipelines-150-260c-fkm-vs-ffkm-selection-testing-and-safety-limits\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pipetechservice.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/three-engineers-oil-gas-pipeline-maintenance.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-06-02T01:53:21+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-06-13T12:33:00+00:00\",\"description\":\"Learn how to achieve safe Double Block and Bleed (DBB) line stopping in high-temperature crude pipelines (150\u2013260\u00b0C). Compare FKM vs FFKM, understand seal failure mechanisms, and follow proven verification procedures for zero-leak isolation.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pipetechservice.com\\\/dbb-line-stopping-in-hot-crude-pipelines-150-260c-fkm-vs-ffkm-selection-testing-and-safety-limits\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pipetechservice.com\\\/dbb-line-stopping-in-hot-crude-pipelines-150-260c-fkm-vs-ffkm-selection-testing-and-safety-limits\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pipetechservice.com\\\/dbb-line-stopping-in-hot-crude-pipelines-150-260c-fkm-vs-ffkm-selection-testing-and-safety-limits\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pipetechservice.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/three-engineers-oil-gas-pipeline-maintenance.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pipetechservice.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/three-engineers-oil-gas-pipeline-maintenance.jpg\",\"width\":800,\"height\":600,\"caption\":\"Three pipeline engineers in orange safety coveralls, hard hats, and gloves conducting maintenance on a large industrial steel pipeline with gauges.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pipetechservice.com\\\/dbb-line-stopping-in-hot-crude-pipelines-150-260c-fkm-vs-ffkm-selection-testing-and-safety-limits\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pipetechservice.com\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"DBB Line Stopping in Hot Crude Pipelines (150\u2013260\u00b0C): FKM vs FFKM Selection, Testing, and Safety Limits\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pipetechservice.com\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pipetechservice.com\\\/\",\"name\":\"JSW Pipeline Service\",\"description\":\"Building It Better In Concrete\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pipetechservice.com\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pipetechservice.com\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pipetechservice.com\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"JSW Pipeline Service\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pipetechservice.com\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pipetechservice.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pipetechservice.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/07\\\/logo.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pipetechservice.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/07\\\/logo.jpg\",\"width\":996,\"height\":296,\"caption\":\"JSW Pipeline Service\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pipetechservice.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pipetechservice.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/c2f337d45f7612353b91c42331c72259\",\"name\":\"jasonsong889@gmail.com\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/2249aded6ecc7f5a96f9dae5858eb37119c29a16dd4172684fa91d83a97ca0d0?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/2249aded6ecc7f5a96f9dae5858eb37119c29a16dd4172684fa91d83a97ca0d0?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/2249aded6ecc7f5a96f9dae5858eb37119c29a16dd4172684fa91d83a97ca0d0?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"jasonsong889@gmail.com\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pipetechservice.com\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pipetechservice.com\\\/fr\\\/author\\\/jasonsong889gmail-com\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"DBB Line Stopping in Hot Crude Pipelines: FKM vs FFKM Selection Guide","description":"Learn how to achieve safe Double Block and Bleed (DBB) line stopping in high-temperature crude pipelines (150\u2013260\u00b0C). Compare FKM vs FFKM, understand seal failure mechanisms, and follow proven verification procedures for zero-leak isolation.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/fr\/dbb-line-stopping-in-hot-crude-pipelines-150-260c-fkm-vs-ffkm-selection-testing-and-safety-limits\/","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"DBB Line Stopping in Hot Crude Pipelines (150\u2013260\u00b0C): FKM vs FFKM Selection, Testing, and Safety Limits","og_description":"Learn how to achieve safe Double Block and Bleed (DBB) line stopping in high-temperature crude pipelines (150\u2013260\u00b0C). Compare FKM vs FFKM, understand seal failure mechanisms, and follow proven verification procedures for zero-leak isolation.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/fr\/dbb-line-stopping-in-hot-crude-pipelines-150-260c-fkm-vs-ffkm-selection-testing-and-safety-limits\/","og_site_name":"JSW Pipeline Service","article_published_time":"2026-06-02T01:53:21+00:00","article_modified_time":"2026-06-13T12:33:00+00:00","og_image":[{"width":800,"height":600,"url":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/three-engineers-oil-gas-pipeline-maintenance.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"jasonsong889@gmail.com","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"jasonsong889@gmail.com","Est. reading time":"12 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"TechArticle","@id":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/dbb-line-stopping-in-hot-crude-pipelines-150-260c-fkm-vs-ffkm-selection-testing-and-safety-limits\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/dbb-line-stopping-in-hot-crude-pipelines-150-260c-fkm-vs-ffkm-selection-testing-and-safety-limits\/"},"author":{"name":"jasonsong889@gmail.com","@id":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/#\/schema\/person\/c2f337d45f7612353b91c42331c72259"},"headline":"DBB Line Stopping in Hot Crude Pipelines (150\u2013260\u00b0C): FKM vs FFKM Selection, Testing, and Safety Limits","datePublished":"2026-06-02T01:53:21+00:00","dateModified":"2026-06-13T12:33:00+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/dbb-line-stopping-in-hot-crude-pipelines-150-260c-fkm-vs-ffkm-selection-testing-and-safety-limits\/"},"wordCount":2464,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/dbb-line-stopping-in-hot-crude-pipelines-150-260c-fkm-vs-ffkm-selection-testing-and-safety-limits\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/three-engineers-oil-gas-pipeline-maintenance.jpg","keywords":["ASME PCC-2 line stopping","DBB verification procedure","double block and bleed line stopping","FKM vs FFKM compression set","high-temperature crude pipeline sealing"],"articleSection":["Blog"],"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/dbb-line-stopping-in-hot-crude-pipelines-150-260c-fkm-vs-ffkm-selection-testing-and-safety-limits\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/dbb-line-stopping-in-hot-crude-pipelines-150-260c-fkm-vs-ffkm-selection-testing-and-safety-limits\/","url":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/dbb-line-stopping-in-hot-crude-pipelines-150-260c-fkm-vs-ffkm-selection-testing-and-safety-limits\/","name":"DBB Line Stopping in Hot Crude Pipelines: FKM vs FFKM Selection Guide","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/dbb-line-stopping-in-hot-crude-pipelines-150-260c-fkm-vs-ffkm-selection-testing-and-safety-limits\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/dbb-line-stopping-in-hot-crude-pipelines-150-260c-fkm-vs-ffkm-selection-testing-and-safety-limits\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/three-engineers-oil-gas-pipeline-maintenance.jpg","datePublished":"2026-06-02T01:53:21+00:00","dateModified":"2026-06-13T12:33:00+00:00","description":"Learn how to achieve safe Double Block and Bleed (DBB) line stopping in high-temperature crude pipelines (150\u2013260\u00b0C). Compare FKM vs FFKM, understand seal failure mechanisms, and follow proven verification procedures for zero-leak isolation.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/dbb-line-stopping-in-hot-crude-pipelines-150-260c-fkm-vs-ffkm-selection-testing-and-safety-limits\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/dbb-line-stopping-in-hot-crude-pipelines-150-260c-fkm-vs-ffkm-selection-testing-and-safety-limits\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/dbb-line-stopping-in-hot-crude-pipelines-150-260c-fkm-vs-ffkm-selection-testing-and-safety-limits\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/three-engineers-oil-gas-pipeline-maintenance.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/three-engineers-oil-gas-pipeline-maintenance.jpg","width":800,"height":600,"caption":"Three pipeline engineers in orange safety coveralls, hard hats, and gloves conducting maintenance on a large industrial steel pipeline with gauges."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/dbb-line-stopping-in-hot-crude-pipelines-150-260c-fkm-vs-ffkm-selection-testing-and-safety-limits\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"DBB Line Stopping in Hot Crude Pipelines (150\u2013260\u00b0C): FKM vs FFKM Selection, Testing, and Safety Limits"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/","name":"JSW Pipeline Service","description":"Mieux construire en b\u00e9ton","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/#organization","name":"JSW Pipeline Service","url":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/logo.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/logo.jpg","width":996,"height":296,"caption":"JSW Pipeline Service"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/#\/schema\/person\/c2f337d45f7612353b91c42331c72259","name":"jasonsong889@gmail.com","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/2249aded6ecc7f5a96f9dae5858eb37119c29a16dd4172684fa91d83a97ca0d0?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/2249aded6ecc7f5a96f9dae5858eb37119c29a16dd4172684fa91d83a97ca0d0?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/2249aded6ecc7f5a96f9dae5858eb37119c29a16dd4172684fa91d83a97ca0d0?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"jasonsong889@gmail.com"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com"],"url":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/fr\/author\/jasonsong889gmail-com\/"}]}},"spectra_custom_meta":{"_edit_lock":["1781353986:1"],"_thumbnail_id":["5797"],"_surecart_dashboard_logo_width":["180px"],"_surecart_dashboard_show_logo":["1"],"_surecart_dashboard_navigation_orders":["1"],"_surecart_dashboard_navigation_invoices":["1"],"_surecart_dashboard_navigation_subscriptions":["1"],"_surecart_dashboard_navigation_downloads":["1"],"_surecart_dashboard_navigation_billing":["1"],"_surecart_dashboard_navigation_account":["1"],"_uag_custom_page_level_css":[""],"site-sidebar-layout":["default"],"site-content-layout":[""],"ast-site-content-layout":["default"],"site-content-style":["default"],"site-sidebar-style":["default"],"ast-global-header-display":[""],"ast-banner-title-visibility":[""],"ast-main-header-display":[""],"ast-hfb-above-header-display":[""],"ast-hfb-below-header-display":[""],"ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":[""],"site-post-title":[""],"ast-breadcrumbs-content":[""],"ast-featured-img":[""],"footer-sml-layout":[""],"ast-disable-related-posts":[""],"theme-transparent-header-meta":[""],"adv-header-id-meta":[""],"stick-header-meta":[""],"header-above-stick-meta":[""],"header-main-stick-meta":[""],"header-below-stick-meta":[""],"astra-migrate-meta-layouts":["set"],"ast-page-background-enabled":["default"],"ast-page-background-meta":["a:3:{s:7:\"desktop\";a:12:{s:16:\"background-color\";s:25:\"var(--ast-global-color-4)\";s:16:\"background-image\";s:0:\"\";s:17:\"background-repeat\";s:6:\"repeat\";s:19:\"background-position\";s:13:\"center center\";s:15:\"background-size\";s:4:\"auto\";s:21:\"background-attachment\";s:6:\"scroll\";s:15:\"background-type\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"background-media\";s:0:\"\";s:12:\"overlay-type\";s:0:\"\";s:13:\"overlay-color\";s:0:\"\";s:15:\"overlay-opacity\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"overlay-gradient\";s:0:\"\";}s:6:\"tablet\";a:12:{s:16:\"background-color\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"background-image\";s:0:\"\";s:17:\"background-repeat\";s:6:\"repeat\";s:19:\"background-position\";s:13:\"center center\";s:15:\"background-size\";s:4:\"auto\";s:21:\"background-attachment\";s:6:\"scroll\";s:15:\"background-type\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"background-media\";s:0:\"\";s:12:\"overlay-type\";s:0:\"\";s:13:\"overlay-color\";s:0:\"\";s:15:\"overlay-opacity\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"overlay-gradient\";s:0:\"\";}s:6:\"mobile\";a:12:{s:16:\"background-color\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"background-image\";s:0:\"\";s:17:\"background-repeat\";s:6:\"repeat\";s:19:\"background-position\";s:13:\"center center\";s:15:\"background-size\";s:4:\"auto\";s:21:\"background-attachment\";s:6:\"scroll\";s:15:\"background-type\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"background-media\";s:0:\"\";s:12:\"overlay-type\";s:0:\"\";s:13:\"overlay-color\";s:0:\"\";s:15:\"overlay-opacity\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"overlay-gradient\";s:0:\"\";}}"],"ast-content-background-meta":["a:3:{s:7:\"desktop\";a:12:{s:16:\"background-color\";s:25:\"var(--ast-global-color-5)\";s:16:\"background-image\";s:0:\"\";s:17:\"background-repeat\";s:6:\"repeat\";s:19:\"background-position\";s:13:\"center center\";s:15:\"background-size\";s:4:\"auto\";s:21:\"background-attachment\";s:6:\"scroll\";s:15:\"background-type\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"background-media\";s:0:\"\";s:12:\"overlay-type\";s:0:\"\";s:13:\"overlay-color\";s:0:\"\";s:15:\"overlay-opacity\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"overlay-gradient\";s:0:\"\";}s:6:\"tablet\";a:12:{s:16:\"background-color\";s:25:\"var(--ast-global-color-5)\";s:16:\"background-image\";s:0:\"\";s:17:\"background-repeat\";s:6:\"repeat\";s:19:\"background-position\";s:13:\"center center\";s:15:\"background-size\";s:4:\"auto\";s:21:\"background-attachment\";s:6:\"scroll\";s:15:\"background-type\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"background-media\";s:0:\"\";s:12:\"overlay-type\";s:0:\"\";s:13:\"overlay-color\";s:0:\"\";s:15:\"overlay-opacity\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"overlay-gradient\";s:0:\"\";}s:6:\"mobile\";a:12:{s:16:\"background-color\";s:25:\"var(--ast-global-color-5)\";s:16:\"background-image\";s:0:\"\";s:17:\"background-repeat\";s:6:\"repeat\";s:19:\"background-position\";s:13:\"center center\";s:15:\"background-size\";s:4:\"auto\";s:21:\"background-attachment\";s:6:\"scroll\";s:15:\"background-type\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"background-media\";s:0:\"\";s:12:\"overlay-type\";s:0:\"\";s:13:\"overlay-color\";s:0:\"\";s:15:\"overlay-opacity\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"overlay-gradient\";s:0:\"\";}}"],"footnotes":[""],"_elementor_edit_mode":[""],"_elementor_template_type":[""],"_elementor_data":[""],"_elementor_conditions":["a:0:{}"],"_edit_last":["1"],"_yoast_indexnow_last_ping":["1781353948"],"_yoast_wpseo_primary_category":["340"],"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":["double block and bleed line stopping high-temperature crude pipelines"],"_yoast_wpseo_title":["DBB Line Stopping in Hot Crude Pipelines: FKM vs FFKM Selection Guide"],"_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":["Learn how to achieve safe Double Block and Bleed (DBB) line stopping in high-temperature crude pipelines (150\u2013260\u00b0C). Compare FKM vs FFKM, understand seal failure mechanisms, and follow proven verification procedures for zero-leak isolation."],"_yoast_wpseo_linkdex":["63"],"_yoast_wpseo_content_score":["90"],"_yoast_wpseo_focuskeywords":[""],"_yoast_wpseo_keywordsynonyms":[""],"_yoast_wpseo_estimated-reading-time-minutes":["12"],"_elementor_page_assets":["a:0:{}"],"_uagb_previous_block_counts":["a:90:{s:21:\"uagb\/advanced-heading\";i:0;s:15:\"uagb\/blockquote\";i:0;s:12:\"uagb\/buttons\";i:0;s:18:\"uagb\/buttons-child\";i:0;s:19:\"uagb\/call-to-action\";i:0;s:15:\"uagb\/cf7-styler\";i:0;s:11:\"uagb\/column\";i:0;s:12:\"uagb\/columns\";i:0;s:14:\"uagb\/container\";i:0;s:21:\"uagb\/content-timeline\";i:0;s:27:\"uagb\/content-timeline-child\";i:0;s:14:\"uagb\/countdown\";i:0;s:12:\"uagb\/counter\";i:0;s:8:\"uagb\/faq\";i:0;s:14:\"uagb\/faq-child\";i:0;s:10:\"uagb\/forms\";i:0;s:17:\"uagb\/forms-accept\";i:0;s:19:\"uagb\/forms-checkbox\";i:0;s:15:\"uagb\/forms-date\";i:0;s:16:\"uagb\/forms-email\";i:0;s:17:\"uagb\/forms-hidden\";i:0;s:15:\"uagb\/forms-name\";i:0;s:16:\"uagb\/forms-phone\";i:0;s:16:\"uagb\/forms-radio\";i:0;s:17:\"uagb\/forms-select\";i:0;s:19:\"uagb\/forms-textarea\";i:0;s:17:\"uagb\/forms-toggle\";i:0;s:14:\"uagb\/forms-url\";i:0;s:14:\"uagb\/gf-styler\";i:0;s:15:\"uagb\/google-map\";i:0;s:11:\"uagb\/how-to\";i:0;s:16:\"uagb\/how-to-step\";i:0;s:9:\"uagb\/icon\";i:0;s:14:\"uagb\/icon-list\";i:0;s:20:\"uagb\/icon-list-child\";i:0;s:10:\"uagb\/image\";i:0;s:18:\"uagb\/image-gallery\";i:0;s:13:\"uagb\/info-box\";i:0;s:18:\"uagb\/inline-notice\";i:0;s:11:\"uagb\/lottie\";i:0;s:21:\"uagb\/marketing-button\";i:0;s:10:\"uagb\/modal\";i:0;s:18:\"uagb\/popup-builder\";i:0;s:16:\"uagb\/post-button\";i:0;s:18:\"uagb\/post-carousel\";i:0;s:17:\"uagb\/post-excerpt\";i:0;s:14:\"uagb\/post-grid\";i:0;s:15:\"uagb\/post-image\";i:0;s:17:\"uagb\/post-masonry\";i:0;s:14:\"uagb\/post-meta\";i:0;s:18:\"uagb\/post-taxonomy\";i:0;s:18:\"uagb\/post-timeline\";i:0;s:15:\"uagb\/post-title\";i:0;s:20:\"uagb\/restaurant-menu\";i:0;s:26:\"uagb\/restaurant-menu-child\";i:0;s:11:\"uagb\/review\";i:0;s:12:\"uagb\/section\";i:0;s:14:\"uagb\/separator\";i:0;s:11:\"uagb\/slider\";i:0;s:17:\"uagb\/slider-child\";i:0;s:17:\"uagb\/social-share\";i:0;s:23:\"uagb\/social-share-child\";i:0;s:16:\"uagb\/star-rating\";i:0;s:23:\"uagb\/sure-cart-checkout\";i:0;s:22:\"uagb\/sure-cart-product\";i:0;s:15:\"uagb\/sure-forms\";i:0;s:22:\"uagb\/table-of-contents\";i:0;s:9:\"uagb\/tabs\";i:0;s:15:\"uagb\/tabs-child\";i:0;s:18:\"uagb\/taxonomy-list\";i:0;s:9:\"uagb\/team\";i:0;s:16:\"uagb\/testimonial\";i:0;s:14:\"uagb\/wp-search\";i:0;s:19:\"uagb\/instagram-feed\";i:0;s:10:\"uagb\/login\";i:0;s:17:\"uagb\/loop-builder\";i:0;s:18:\"uagb\/loop-category\";i:0;s:20:\"uagb\/loop-pagination\";i:0;s:15:\"uagb\/loop-reset\";i:0;s:16:\"uagb\/loop-search\";i:0;s:14:\"uagb\/loop-sort\";i:0;s:17:\"uagb\/loop-wrapper\";i:0;s:13:\"uagb\/register\";i:0;s:19:\"uagb\/register-email\";i:0;s:24:\"uagb\/register-first-name\";i:0;s:23:\"uagb\/register-last-name\";i:0;s:22:\"uagb\/register-password\";i:0;s:30:\"uagb\/register-reenter-password\";i:0;s:19:\"uagb\/register-terms\";i:0;s:22:\"uagb\/register-username\";i:0;}"],"_yoast_wpseo_schema_page_type":["WebPage"],"_yoast_wpseo_schema_article_type":["TechArticle"],"_uag_css_file_name":["uag-css-5796.css"],"_uag_page_assets":["a:9:{s:3:\"css\";s:23971:\".uag-blocks-common-selector{z-index:var(--z-index-desktop) !important}@media(max-width: 976px){.uag-blocks-common-selector{z-index:var(--z-index-tablet) !important}}@media(max-width: 767px){.uag-blocks-common-selector{z-index:var(--z-index-mobile) !important}}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading h1,.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading h2,.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading h3,.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading h4,.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading h5,.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading h6,.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading p,.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading div{word-break:break-word}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading .uagb-heading-text{margin:0}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading .uagb-desc-text{margin:0}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading .uagb-separator{font-size:0;border-top-style:solid;display:inline-block;margin:0 0 10px 0}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading .uagb-highlight{color:#f78a0c;border:0;transition:all .3s ease}.uag-highlight-toolbar{border-left:0;border-top:0;border-bottom:0;border-radius:0;border-right-color:#1e1e1e}.uag-highlight-toolbar .components-button{border-radius:0;outline:none}.uag-highlight-toolbar .components-button.is-primary{color:#fff}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading.uagb-block-a8914a16.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading .uagb-desc-text{margin-bottom: 15px;}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading.uagb-block-a8914a16.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading .uagb-highlight{font-style: normal;font-weight: Default;background: #007cba;color: #fff;-webkit-text-fill-color: #fff;}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading.uagb-block-a8914a16.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading .uagb-highlight::-moz-selection{color: #fff;background: #007cba;-webkit-text-fill-color: #fff;}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading.uagb-block-a8914a16.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading .uagb-highlight::selection{color: #fff;background: #007cba;-webkit-text-fill-color: #fff;}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading.uagb-block-a8914a16 .uagb-heading-text{font-size: 22px;}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading.uagb-block-355f2a37.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading .uagb-desc-text{margin-bottom: 15px;}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading.uagb-block-355f2a37.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading .uagb-highlight{font-style: normal;font-weight: Default;background: #007cba;color: #fff;-webkit-text-fill-color: #fff;}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading.uagb-block-355f2a37.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading .uagb-highlight::-moz-selection{color: #fff;background: #007cba;-webkit-text-fill-color: #fff;}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading.uagb-block-355f2a37.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading .uagb-highlight::selection{color: #fff;background: #007cba;-webkit-text-fill-color: #fff;}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading.uagb-block-355f2a37.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading .uagb-separator{border-top-style: solid;border-top-width: 2px;width: 12%;border-color: #0170b9;margin-bottom: 15px;}.wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading.uagb-block-355f2a37 .uagb-heading-text{font-size: 22px;margin-bottom: 15px;}.wp-block-uagb-image{display:flex}.wp-block-uagb-image__figure{position:relative;display:flex;flex-direction:column;max-width:100%;height:auto;margin:0}.wp-block-uagb-image__figure img{height:auto;display:flex;max-width:100%;transition:box-shadow .2s ease}.wp-block-uagb-image__figure>a{display:inline-block}.wp-block-uagb-image__figure figcaption{text-align:center;margin-top:.5em;margin-bottom:1em}.wp-block-uagb-image .components-placeholder.block-editor-media-placeholder .components-placeholder__instructions{align-self:center}.wp-block-uagb-image--align-left{text-align:left}.wp-block-uagb-image--align-right{text-align:right}.wp-block-uagb-image--align-center{text-align:center}.wp-block-uagb-image--align-full .wp-block-uagb-image__figure{margin-left:calc(50% - 50vw);margin-right:calc(50% - 50vw);max-width:100vw;width:100vw;height:auto}.wp-block-uagb-image--align-full .wp-block-uagb-image__figure img{height:auto;width:100% !important}.wp-block-uagb-image--align-wide .wp-block-uagb-image__figure img{height:auto;width:100%}.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__color-wrapper{position:absolute;left:0;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;opacity:.2;background:rgba(0,0,0,.5);transition:opacity .35s ease-in-out}.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay-link{position:absolute;left:0;right:0;bottom:0;top:0}.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay .wp-block-uagb-image__figure:hover .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__color-wrapper{opacity:1}.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner{position:absolute;left:15px;right:15px;bottom:15px;top:15px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;flex-direction:column;border-color:#fff;transition:.35s ease-in-out}.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner.top-left,.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner.top-center,.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner.top-right{justify-content:flex-start}.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner.bottom-left,.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner.bottom-center,.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner.bottom-right{justify-content:flex-end}.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner.top-left,.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner.center-left,.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner.bottom-left{align-items:flex-start}.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner.top-right,.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner.center-right,.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner.bottom-right{align-items:flex-end}.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner .uagb-image-heading{color:#fff;transition:transform .35s,opacity .35s ease-in-out;transform:translate3d(0, 24px, 0);margin:0;line-height:1em}.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner .uagb-image-separator{width:30%;border-top-width:2px;border-top-color:#fff;border-top-style:solid;margin-bottom:10px;opacity:0;transition:transform .4s,opacity .4s ease-in-out;transform:translate3d(0, 30px, 0)}.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner .uagb-image-caption{opacity:0;overflow:visible;color:#fff;transition:transform .45s,opacity .45s ease-in-out;transform:translate3d(0, 35px, 0)}.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner:hover .uagb-image-heading,.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner:hover .uagb-image-separator,.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner:hover .uagb-image-caption{opacity:1;transform:translate3d(0, 0, 0)}.wp-block-uagb-image--effect-zoomin .wp-block-uagb-image__figure img,.wp-block-uagb-image--effect-zoomin .wp-block-uagb-image__figure .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__color-wrapper{transform:scale(1);transition:transform .35s ease-in-out}.wp-block-uagb-image--effect-zoomin .wp-block-uagb-image__figure:hover img,.wp-block-uagb-image--effect-zoomin .wp-block-uagb-image__figure:hover .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__color-wrapper{transform:scale(1.05)}.wp-block-uagb-image--effect-slide .wp-block-uagb-image__figure img,.wp-block-uagb-image--effect-slide .wp-block-uagb-image__figure .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__color-wrapper{width:calc(100% + 40px) !important;max-width:none !important;transform:translate3d(-40px, 0, 0);transition:transform .35s ease-in-out}.wp-block-uagb-image--effect-slide .wp-block-uagb-image__figure:hover img,.wp-block-uagb-image--effect-slide .wp-block-uagb-image__figure:hover .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__color-wrapper{transform:translate3d(0, 0, 0)}.wp-block-uagb-image--effect-grayscale img{filter:grayscale(0%);transition:.35s ease-in-out}.wp-block-uagb-image--effect-grayscale:hover img{filter:grayscale(100%)}.wp-block-uagb-image--effect-blur img{filter:blur(0);transition:.35s ease-in-out}.wp-block-uagb-image--effect-blur:hover img{filter:blur(3px)}.uagb-block-9d59ae4f.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-default figure img{box-shadow: 0px 0px 0 #00000070;}.uagb-block-9d59ae4f.wp-block-uagb-image .wp-block-uagb-image__figure figcaption{font-style: normal;align-self: center;}.uagb-block-9d59ae4f.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay figure img{box-shadow: 0px 0px 0 #00000070;}.uagb-block-9d59ae4f.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__color-wrapper{opacity: 0.2;}.uagb-block-9d59ae4f.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner{left: 15px;right: 15px;top: 15px;bottom: 15px;}.uagb-block-9d59ae4f.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner .uagb-image-heading{font-style: normal;color: #fff;opacity: 1;}.uagb-block-9d59ae4f.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner .uagb-image-heading a{color: #fff;}.uagb-block-9d59ae4f.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner .uagb-image-caption{opacity: 0;}.uagb-block-9d59ae4f.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay .wp-block-uagb-image__figure:hover .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__color-wrapper{opacity: 1;}.uagb-block-9d59ae4f.wp-block-uagb-image .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner .uagb-image-separator{width: 30%;border-top-width: 2px;border-top-color: #fff;opacity: 0;}.uagb-block-9d59ae4f.wp-block-uagb-image .wp-block-uagb-image__figure img{width: 288px;height: auto;}.uagb-block-9d59ae4f.wp-block-uagb-image .wp-block-uagb-image__figure:hover .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner .uagb-image-caption{opacity: 1;}.uagb-block-9d59ae4f.wp-block-uagb-image .wp-block-uagb-image__figure:hover .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner .uagb-image-separator{opacity: 1;}.uagb-block-9d59ae4f.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-default figure:hover img{box-shadow: 0px 0px 0 #00000070;}.uagb-block-9d59ae4f.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay figure:hover img{box-shadow: 0px 0px 0 #00000070;}@media only screen and (max-width: 976px) {.uagb-block-9d59ae4f.wp-block-uagb-image .wp-block-uagb-image__figure img{width: 288px;height: auto;}}@media only screen and (max-width: 767px) {.uagb-block-9d59ae4f.wp-block-uagb-image .wp-block-uagb-image__figure img{width: 288px;height: auto;}}.uagb-block-de36b878.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-default figure img{box-shadow: 0px 0px 0 #00000070;}.uagb-block-de36b878.wp-block-uagb-image .wp-block-uagb-image__figure figcaption{font-style: normal;align-self: center;}.uagb-block-de36b878.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay figure img{box-shadow: 0px 0px 0 #00000070;}.uagb-block-de36b878.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__color-wrapper{opacity: 0.2;}.uagb-block-de36b878.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner{left: 15px;right: 15px;top: 15px;bottom: 15px;}.uagb-block-de36b878.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner .uagb-image-heading{font-style: normal;color: #fff;opacity: 1;}.uagb-block-de36b878.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner .uagb-image-heading a{color: #fff;}.uagb-block-de36b878.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner .uagb-image-caption{opacity: 0;}.uagb-block-de36b878.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay .wp-block-uagb-image__figure:hover .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__color-wrapper{opacity: 1;}.uagb-block-de36b878.wp-block-uagb-image .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner .uagb-image-separator{width: 30%;border-top-width: 2px;border-top-color: #fff;opacity: 0;}.uagb-block-de36b878.wp-block-uagb-image .wp-block-uagb-image__figure img{width: px;height: auto;}.uagb-block-de36b878.wp-block-uagb-image .wp-block-uagb-image__figure:hover .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner .uagb-image-caption{opacity: 1;}.uagb-block-de36b878.wp-block-uagb-image .wp-block-uagb-image__figure:hover .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner .uagb-image-separator{opacity: 1;}.uagb-block-de36b878.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-default figure:hover img{box-shadow: 0px 0px 0 #00000070;}.uagb-block-de36b878.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay figure:hover img{box-shadow: 0px 0px 0 #00000070;}@media only screen and (max-width: 976px) {.uagb-block-de36b878.wp-block-uagb-image .wp-block-uagb-image__figure img{width: px;height: auto;}}@media only screen and (max-width: 767px) {.uagb-block-de36b878.wp-block-uagb-image .wp-block-uagb-image__figure img{width: px;height: auto;}}.uagb-block-de36b878.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-default figure img{box-shadow: 0px 0px 0 #00000070;}.uagb-block-de36b878.wp-block-uagb-image .wp-block-uagb-image__figure figcaption{font-style: normal;align-self: center;}.uagb-block-de36b878.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay figure img{box-shadow: 0px 0px 0 #00000070;}.uagb-block-de36b878.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__color-wrapper{opacity: 0.2;}.uagb-block-de36b878.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner{left: 15px;right: 15px;top: 15px;bottom: 15px;}.uagb-block-de36b878.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner .uagb-image-heading{font-style: normal;color: #fff;opacity: 1;}.uagb-block-de36b878.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner .uagb-image-heading a{color: #fff;}.uagb-block-de36b878.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner .uagb-image-caption{opacity: 0;}.uagb-block-de36b878.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay .wp-block-uagb-image__figure:hover .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__color-wrapper{opacity: 1;}.uagb-block-de36b878.wp-block-uagb-image .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner .uagb-image-separator{width: 30%;border-top-width: 2px;border-top-color: #fff;opacity: 0;}.uagb-block-de36b878.wp-block-uagb-image .wp-block-uagb-image__figure img{width: px;height: auto;}.uagb-block-de36b878.wp-block-uagb-image .wp-block-uagb-image__figure:hover .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner .uagb-image-caption{opacity: 1;}.uagb-block-de36b878.wp-block-uagb-image .wp-block-uagb-image__figure:hover .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner .uagb-image-separator{opacity: 1;}.uagb-block-de36b878.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-default figure:hover img{box-shadow: 0px 0px 0 #00000070;}.uagb-block-de36b878.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay figure:hover img{box-shadow: 0px 0px 0 #00000070;}.uagb-block-bb4689b9.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-default figure img{box-shadow: 0px 0px 0 #00000070;}.uagb-block-bb4689b9.wp-block-uagb-image .wp-block-uagb-image__figure figcaption{font-style: normal;align-self: center;}.uagb-block-bb4689b9.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay figure img{box-shadow: 0px 0px 0 #00000070;}.uagb-block-bb4689b9.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__color-wrapper{opacity: 0.2;}.uagb-block-bb4689b9.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner{left: 15px;right: 15px;top: 15px;bottom: 15px;}.uagb-block-bb4689b9.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner .uagb-image-heading{font-style: normal;color: #fff;opacity: 1;}.uagb-block-bb4689b9.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner .uagb-image-heading a{color: #fff;}.uagb-block-bb4689b9.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner .uagb-image-caption{opacity: 0;}.uagb-block-bb4689b9.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay .wp-block-uagb-image__figure:hover .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__color-wrapper{opacity: 1;}.uagb-block-bb4689b9.wp-block-uagb-image .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner .uagb-image-separator{width: 30%;border-top-width: 2px;border-top-color: #fff;opacity: 0;}.uagb-block-bb4689b9.wp-block-uagb-image .wp-block-uagb-image__figure img{width: px;height: auto;}.uagb-block-bb4689b9.wp-block-uagb-image .wp-block-uagb-image__figure:hover .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner .uagb-image-caption{opacity: 1;}.uagb-block-bb4689b9.wp-block-uagb-image .wp-block-uagb-image__figure:hover .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner .uagb-image-separator{opacity: 1;}.uagb-block-bb4689b9.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-default figure:hover img{box-shadow: 0px 0px 0 #00000070;}.uagb-block-bb4689b9.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay figure:hover img{box-shadow: 0px 0px 0 #00000070;}@media only screen and (max-width: 976px) {.uagb-block-de36b878.wp-block-uagb-image .wp-block-uagb-image__figure img{width: px;height: auto;}.uagb-block-bb4689b9.wp-block-uagb-image .wp-block-uagb-image__figure img{width: px;height: auto;}}@media only screen and (max-width: 767px) {.uagb-block-de36b878.wp-block-uagb-image .wp-block-uagb-image__figure img{width: px;height: auto;}.uagb-block-bb4689b9.wp-block-uagb-image .wp-block-uagb-image__figure img{width: px;height: auto;}}.uagb-icon-list__wrap{display:flex;align-items:flex-start;justify-content:flex-start}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list-child{padding:0;transition:all .2s;display:inline-flex;color:#3a3a3a;align-items:center;text-decoration:none;box-shadow:none}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list-child span.uagb-icon-list__source-wrap{display:block;align-items:center}.uagb-icon-list__source-wrap svg{display:block}.uagb-icon-list__source-image{width:40px}.uagb-icon-list__outer-wrap .uagb-icon-list__content-wrap{color:#3a3a3a;display:flex;align-items:center}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list-child{position:relative}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list-child>a{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%}img.uagb-icon-list__source-image{max-width:unset}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list-child .uagb-icon-list__label{word-break:break-word}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-acd89eda .uagb-icon-list__source-image{width: 16px;}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-acd89eda .wp-block-uagb-icon-list-child .uagb-icon-list__source-wrap svg{width: 16px;height: 16px;font-size: 16px;}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-acd89eda .wp-block-uagb-icon-list-child .uagb-icon-list__source-wrap{padding: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-width: 0px;align-self: center;}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-acd89eda .wp-block-uagb-icon-list-child .uagb-icon-list__label{text-decoration: !important;line-height: em;}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-acd89eda .uagb-icon-list__wrap{display: flex;flex-direction: column;justify-content: center;-webkit-box-pack: center;-ms-flex-pack: center;-webkit-box-align: flex-start;-ms-flex-align: flex-start;align-items: flex-start;}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-acd89eda .uagb-icon-list__label{text-align: left;}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-acd89eda .wp-block-uagb-icon-list-child{text-decoration: !important;line-height: em;}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-acd89eda.wp-block-uagb-icon-list .wp-block-uagb-icon-list-child{margin-left: 0;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 10px;}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-acd89eda .uagb-icon-list__source-wrap{margin-right: 15px;}.uagb-block-ab31a061.wp-block-uagb-icon-list-child .uagb-icon-list__source-wrap{background: !important;border-color: !important;}.uagb-block-ab31a061.wp-block-uagb-icon-list-child:hover .uagb-icon-list__source-wrap{background: !important;border-color: !important;}.uagb-block-d17e4438.wp-block-uagb-icon-list-child .uagb-icon-list__source-wrap{background: !important;border-color: !important;}.uagb-block-d17e4438.wp-block-uagb-icon-list-child:hover .uagb-icon-list__source-wrap{background: !important;border-color: !important;}.uagb-block-ca14edc7.wp-block-uagb-icon-list-child .uagb-icon-list__source-wrap{background: !important;border-color: !important;}.uagb-block-ca14edc7.wp-block-uagb-icon-list-child:hover .uagb-icon-list__source-wrap{background: !important;border-color: !important;}@media only screen and (max-width: 976px) {.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-acd89eda .uagb-icon-list__source-image{width: 16px;}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-acd89eda .wp-block-uagb-icon-list-child .uagb-icon-list__source-wrap svg{width: 16px;height: 16px;font-size: 16px;}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-acd89eda .wp-block-uagb-icon-list-child .uagb-icon-list__source-wrap {padding: 0px;border-width: 0px;align-self: center;}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-acd89eda .uagb-icon-list__wrap{display: flex;flex-direction: column;justify-content: center;-webkit-box-pack: center;-ms-flex-pack: center;-webkit-box-align: flex-start;-ms-flex-align: flex-start;align-items: flex-start;}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-acd89eda.wp-block-uagb-icon-list .wp-block-uagb-icon-list-child{margin-left: 0;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 10px;}}@media only screen and (max-width: 767px) {.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-acd89eda .uagb-icon-list__source-image{width: 16px;}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-acd89eda .wp-block-uagb-icon-list-child .uagb-icon-list__source-wrap svg{width: 16px;height: 16px;font-size: 16px;}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-acd89eda .wp-block-uagb-icon-list-child .uagb-icon-list__source-wrap{padding: 0px;border-width: 0px;align-self: center;}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-acd89eda .uagb-icon-list__wrap{display: flex;flex-direction: column;justify-content: center;-webkit-box-pack: center;-ms-flex-pack: center;-webkit-box-align: flex-start;-ms-flex-align: flex-start;align-items: flex-start;}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-acd89eda.wp-block-uagb-icon-list .wp-block-uagb-icon-list-child{margin-left: 0;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 10px;}}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-7e355c58 .uagb-icon-list__source-image{width: 16px;}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-7e355c58 .wp-block-uagb-icon-list-child .uagb-icon-list__source-wrap svg{width: 16px;height: 16px;font-size: 16px;}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-7e355c58 .wp-block-uagb-icon-list-child .uagb-icon-list__source-wrap{padding: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-width: 0px;align-self: center;}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-7e355c58 .wp-block-uagb-icon-list-child .uagb-icon-list__label{text-decoration: !important;line-height: em;}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-7e355c58 .uagb-icon-list__wrap{display: flex;flex-direction: column;justify-content: center;-webkit-box-pack: center;-ms-flex-pack: center;-webkit-box-align: flex-start;-ms-flex-align: flex-start;align-items: flex-start;}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-7e355c58 .uagb-icon-list__label{text-align: left;}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-7e355c58 .wp-block-uagb-icon-list-child{text-decoration: !important;line-height: em;}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-7e355c58.wp-block-uagb-icon-list .wp-block-uagb-icon-list-child{margin-left: 0;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 10px;}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-7e355c58 .uagb-icon-list__source-wrap{margin-right: 15px;}@media only screen and (max-width: 976px) {.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-7e355c58 .uagb-icon-list__source-image{width: 16px;}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-7e355c58 .wp-block-uagb-icon-list-child .uagb-icon-list__source-wrap svg{width: 16px;height: 16px;font-size: 16px;}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-7e355c58 .wp-block-uagb-icon-list-child .uagb-icon-list__source-wrap {padding: 0px;border-width: 0px;align-self: center;}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-7e355c58 .uagb-icon-list__wrap{display: flex;flex-direction: column;justify-content: center;-webkit-box-pack: center;-ms-flex-pack: center;-webkit-box-align: flex-start;-ms-flex-align: flex-start;align-items: flex-start;}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-7e355c58.wp-block-uagb-icon-list .wp-block-uagb-icon-list-child{margin-left: 0;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 10px;}}@media only screen and (max-width: 767px) {.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-7e355c58 .uagb-icon-list__source-image{width: 16px;}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-7e355c58 .wp-block-uagb-icon-list-child .uagb-icon-list__source-wrap svg{width: 16px;height: 16px;font-size: 16px;}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-7e355c58 .wp-block-uagb-icon-list-child .uagb-icon-list__source-wrap{padding: 0px;border-width: 0px;align-self: center;}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-7e355c58 .uagb-icon-list__wrap{display: flex;flex-direction: column;justify-content: center;-webkit-box-pack: center;-ms-flex-pack: center;-webkit-box-align: flex-start;-ms-flex-align: flex-start;align-items: flex-start;}.wp-block-uagb-icon-list.uagb-block-7e355c58.wp-block-uagb-icon-list .wp-block-uagb-icon-list-child{margin-left: 0;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 10px;}}\";s:2:\"js\";s:0:\"\";s:18:\"current_block_list\";a:46:{i:0;s:12:\"core\/heading\";i:1;s:14:\"core\/paragraph\";i:2;s:10:\"core\/table\";i:3;s:9:\"core\/list\";i:4;s:14:\"core\/list-item\";i:5;s:10:\"core\/quote\";i:6;s:23:\"surecart\/slide-out-cart\";i:7;s:10:\"core\/group\";i:8;s:26:\"surecart\/cart-close-button\";i:9;s:19:\"surecart\/cart-count\";i:11;s:34:\"surecart\/slide-out-cart-line-items\";i:14;s:29:\"surecart\/cart-line-item-image\";i:18;s:29:\"surecart\/cart-line-item-title\";i:20;s:34:\"surecart\/cart-line-item-price-name\";i:21;s:31:\"surecart\/cart-line-item-variant\";i:22;s:28:\"surecart\/cart-line-item-note\";i:23;s:30:\"surecart\/cart-line-item-status\";i:26;s:38:\"surecart\/cart-line-item-scratch-amount\";i:27;s:30:\"surecart\/cart-line-item-amount\";i:28;s:32:\"surecart\/cart-line-item-interval\";i:30;s:29:\"surecart\/cart-line-item-trial\";i:31;s:28:\"surecart\/cart-line-item-fees\";i:34;s:32:\"surecart\/cart-line-item-quantity\";i:36;s:30:\"surecart\/cart-line-item-remove\";i:38;s:25:\"surecart\/cart-order-bumps\";i:39;s:35:\"surecart\/cart-order-bump-pagination\";i:40;s:44:\"surecart\/cart-order-bump-pagination-previous\";i:41;s:40:\"surecart\/cart-order-bump-pagination-next\";i:42;s:33:\"surecart\/cart-order-bump-template\";i:44;s:30:\"surecart\/cart-order-bump-image\";i:46;s:30:\"surecart\/cart-order-bump-title\";i:47;s:36:\"surecart\/cart-order-bump-description\";i:49;s:39:\"surecart\/cart-order-bump-scratch-amount\";i:50;s:31:\"surecart\/cart-order-bump-amount\";i:51;s:35:\"surecart\/cart-order-bump-add-button\";i:53;s:38:\"surecart\/slide-out-cart-items-subtotal\";i:55;s:37:\"surecart\/cart-subtotal-scratch-amount\";i:56;s:29:\"surecart\/cart-subtotal-amount\";i:57;s:36:\"surecart\/slide-out-cart-items-submit\";i:58;s:11:\"core\/search\";i:59;s:17:\"core\/latest-posts\";i:60;s:30:\"woocommerce\/product-categories\";i:61;s:21:\"uagb\/advanced-heading\";i:62;s:10:\"uagb\/image\";i:63;s:14:\"uagb\/icon-list\";i:64;s:20:\"uagb\/icon-list-child\";}s:8:\"uag_flag\";b:1;s:11:\"uag_version\";i:1781861249;s:6:\"gfonts\";a:0:{}s:10:\"gfonts_url\";s:0:\"\";s:12:\"gfonts_files\";a:0:{}s:14:\"uag_faq_layout\";b:0;}"]},"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/three-engineers-oil-gas-pipeline-maintenance.jpg",800,600,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/three-engineers-oil-gas-pipeline-maintenance-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/three-engineers-oil-gas-pipeline-maintenance-300x225.jpg",300,225,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/three-engineers-oil-gas-pipeline-maintenance-768x576.jpg",768,576,true],"large":["https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/three-engineers-oil-gas-pipeline-maintenance.jpg",800,600,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/three-engineers-oil-gas-pipeline-maintenance.jpg",800,600,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/three-engineers-oil-gas-pipeline-maintenance.jpg",800,600,false],"trp-custom-language-flag":["https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/three-engineers-oil-gas-pipeline-maintenance-16x12.jpg",16,12,true],"woocommerce_thumbnail":["https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/three-engineers-oil-gas-pipeline-maintenance-300x300.jpg",300,300,true],"woocommerce_single":["https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/three-engineers-oil-gas-pipeline-maintenance-600x450.jpg",600,450,true],"woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail":["https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/three-engineers-oil-gas-pipeline-maintenance-100x100.jpg",100,100,true]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"jasonsong889@gmail.com","author_link":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/fr\/author\/jasonsong889gmail-com\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Best Elastomer for 150\u00b0C+ DBB Line Stopping For double block and bleed line stopping in high-temperature crude pipelines, the elastomer selection follows this rule: Elastomer Selection by Temperature Pipeline Condition Recommended Elastomer 150\u2013170\u00b0C, low aromatics (<15%) FKM (minimum acceptable) 150\u2013200\u00b0C, sour or high-aromatic crude FFKM required 170\u2013200\u00b0C (any crude) FFKM recommended 200\u2013260\u00b0C (any crude) Only\u2026","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5796","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5796"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5796\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5798,"href":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5796\/revisions\/5798"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5797"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5796"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5796"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pipetechservice.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5796"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}