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Pipeline engineer marking up a road and railroad crossing casing design drawing on site during pre-construction planning

HDD Casing Design for Cased vs. Uncased Crossings Under Roads and Railroads

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HDD casing design comes down to one question: is a product pipeline pulled bare through the reamed bore, or carried inside a separate, larger pipe that shields it from surface loads? A cased crossing runs the product pipe inside that protective pipe; an uncased crossing pulls the product pipe bare through the reamed bore. Which

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Pipeline engineer comparing HDD design standards and a crossing specification document on a desk

HDD Design Standards: ASTM F1962 and Other Key References

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ASTM F1962 is the standard guide for placing polyethylene pipe and conduit by maxi-horizontal directional drilling under obstacles, including river crossings, and it is the reference most HDD projects name first. The difficulty is that it is not the only document a crossing needs: bore geometry and installation loads sit with that guide, in-service pressure

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Pipeline engineer reviewing an HDD crossing feasibility plan and bore profile during pre-construction design

HDD Feasibility and Design: What Makes a Crossing Successful?

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A crossing succeeds when an HDD feasibility study (horizontal directional drilling feasibility study) fixes one achievable geometry, proves the product pipe survives installation, and matches the drilling fluid plan to the ground actually present. This guide sets out what the study must decide, the data set it needs, the four design pillars, the success criteria

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Pipeline engineer marking up a specification that references NASTT and DCA HDD good practice guidance on site

HDD Good Practices: NASTT Guidelines and DCA Standards

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The NASTT HDD good practices guidelines and the DCA Technical Guidelines, from the Distribution Contractors Association, describe how a crossing should be planned, drilled and documented, and for an owner the working question is what to write into the contract. This page answers that question in a practical way: it maps the good-practice material phase

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Geotechnical drilling rig and engineer logging borehole samples at an HDD crossing site before design

Geotechnical Investigation for HDD: What Site Data Do You Need?

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An HDD geotechnical investigation (horizontal directional drilling geotechnical investigation) is the owner’s data set for a crossing: borehole and test-pit logs, in-situ and laboratory test results, and the interpreted profile that turns them into design input. This guide sets out which boreholes and test pits to drill and how far apart and how deep, which

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Horizontal directional drilling rig drilling a pilot hole in rock at a pipeline crossing site

HDD in Rock: Mud Motors, Reamers and Hard-Rock Drilling Techniques

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HDD in rock is a tooling and technique problem before it is a geology problem. Can directional drilling work in rock? Yes – drilling through rock is routine when the tooling and rig are matched to the measured rock strength and abrasivity. The strength and abrasivity of the rock decide which pilot-hole method, bit type,

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HDD crossing site at dawn with a drilling rig, drill rods and a geotechnical borehole log on a planning table in the foreground

Understanding the Limitations of HDD for Pipeline Crossings

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HDD limitations (horizontal directional drilling limitations) are the conditional envelopes that decide how far, how large and through what ground a crossing can be drilled. Ground conditions, length, geometry, guidance accuracy, product-pipe stress and site logistics each set one envelope, and the practical limit on a crossing is whichever envelope closes first. This catalogue quantifies

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HDD pullback load calculation sheet and tension record beside a drilling rig during pipeline pullback

HDD Pullback Load and Stress Analysis: Design Checks Before You Pull

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An HDD pullback load (horizontal directional drilling pullback load) analysis is the set of checks that shows a pipe can be installed by horizontal directional drilling without exceeding its allowable stress, without collapsing, and without overloading the rig. This guide sets out the components that make up the total load, how ASTM F1962 frames installation

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HDD river crossing site on a wide watercourse with drilling rig and entry pit on the bank during design and construction planning

HDD River and Water Crossing Design: Entry Angles, Depth and Alignment

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An HDD river crossing design is the geometry and burial solution that carries a pipeline under a watercourse: a bore path whose entry angle, exit angle, setback, curvature and depth below the bed can all be achieved with the rig, ground and working areas that exist. This guide is written for owners, designers and reviewers

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